Relationship	Family/ Pre-Marriage Name	First Name	Father’s Name	Mother’s Name	Occupation or Nickname	Place of birth/ Residence	Age or birth date	Place and date of death
Husband	Fogelman	Netanel Yehuda				Shkud	80	Shkud
Wife	Fogelman	Ema			Housewife	Shkud	75	Alka Hill
***
Son and husband	Fogelman	Ben Tsion	Netanel Yehuda	Ema	Merchant	Shkud, Riga	38	Riga, 1941
Wife	Fogelman/Segal	Masha	Yakov	Bas-Sheva	Housewife	Shkud, Riga	30	Riga
***
Son and husband	Fogelman	Mordechai	Netanel Yehuda	Ema	National Bank	Shkud	35	Shkud, July 1941
Wife	Fogelman/Tov	Liba	Bendet	Paulina	Hatmaker, housewife	Shkud	28	Alka Hill
***
Son and husband	Fogelman	Yeshiahu	Netanel Yehuda	Ema	Button factory	Shkud	30	Shkud
Wife	Fogelman/Urdang	Lota	Avraham Moshe	Ida	Housewife	Shkud	20	Alka Hill
***
Daughter	Fogelman	Feiga	Netanel Yehuda	Ema		Shkud	25	Alka Hill
Daughter	Fogelman	Naomi	Netanel Yehuda	Ema		Shkud	22	Alka Hill
Son	Fogleman	Yakov (Yankele)	Netanel Yehuda	Ema	Ironware store	Shkud	20	Shkud
Son	Fogelman	Shloime Yitzak	Netanel Yehuda	Ema	Ironware store	Shkud	23	Shkud
Son	Fogelman	Michal	Netanel Yehuda	Ema	He was a hero, resisted the Germans	Shkud	33	Shkud, Kulai, sand pits at Kulai I, 1941
***
Husband	Fogelman, Doctor	Yosef	Fishl	Hinda	Family doctor; he limped	Shkud	44	Kretinga; expelled with the women
Wife	Fogelman/Urdang	Liuba	Efraim BenTsion		Helped her husband; housewife	Shkud	35	Alka Hill
Daughter	Fogelman	Fira	Yosef	Liuba	Student	Shkud	7	Alka Hill
Daughter	Fogelman	Naomi	Yosef	Liuba		Shkud	4	Alka Hill
***
Husband	Fogelman	Moshe	Fishl	Hinda	Partner in the ironware store	Shkud	35	Shkud, July 1941
Wife	Fogelman/Chin	Roda		Chasya	Housewife	Shkud	27	Alka Hill
***
	Fogelman	Michal	Fishl	Hinda	Chairman of “Ezra.” Established the National Bank and the pre-gymnasium	Shkud. Exiled to Krasnoyarsk concentration camp in Siberia	50	Krasnoyarsk Soviet concentration camp in Siberia, 1943
***

According to Hana Shaf-Brener, there were seven Fogelman families in Shkud:

1) Netanel Yehuda Fogelman, 80, was married to Ema, 75. They had three sons: Ben Tsion, Mordechai, and Yeshiahu (see below). Their other children were Feiga, 25; Naomi, 22; Yakov/Yankele, who worked in an ironware store, 20; Shloime Yitzak, who worked in an ironware store, 23; and Michal, 33. There was also a married daughter, Miryam. According to Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Marriages database, Miryama Fogelmen, daughter of Nesanel Yudel and Nekhame, born 1906, married Zalman Levin of Liepaja in 1928. (Miriam and Zalman are listed in Edward Anders, Jews in Liepaja, Latvia, 1941-45, p. 128. They had a daughter, Hilde. All were murdered.)

According to Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Tax and Voters Lists database, Nesanel Yudel Fogelman, son of Bentsel, was born in 1875. (Shaf-Brener gives Netanel Yehuda’s age as 80 and his wife’s as 75, which is unlikely if they had children in their early 20s.) In 1912, Netanel Yehuda was a trader; in 1914 he was a shopkeeper, owned a house, and had three family members; and in 1914 he was in iron goods.

One of Netanel Yehuda’s sons, mentioned above, was Michal. Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Marriages database records the 1939 marriage of Michel Fogelman, born in 1908 to Nesanel Judel and Hemma (nee Malsin) of Skuodas. Michel married Sulamit Zarkhi, born to Jankel and Fane (nee Fisher) in Liepaja, 1913. According to Shaf-Brener, Michal was a hero who resisted the Germans: “About 200 strong young men were taken to sand pits near the Russian cemetery, across from the train station, and they were all shot there. The young Michal Fogelman, who was tall and husky and broad-shouldered, resisted” (10).

In his memoir “My Shtetl Shkud” (see link on this page), Aaron Malkinson retells a story of another Fogelman resister: “The Lithuanians approached a certain home, by the name of Fogelman (one of the balebatim), and started knocking at the door. The son of the family who knew that there was no way out fired shots at them, killing four, then shot his own father, mother, and himself” (21).

2) Netanel Yehuda and Ema’s son, Ben Tsion, 38, lived in Riga with his wife, Masha (nee Segal), 30, daughter of Yakov and Bas-Sheva. According to Kehilat Shkud, Ben Tsion Fogelman opened and managed a cinema in the elementary school building in 1926 (30, 57).

Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Marriages database records the 1933 marriage of Bencel Fogelman, an office worker, born to Shano Yudel and Ema in 1899. Ben Tsion married Fruma Segal, born in 1910 to Yankel and Sheve (nee Fridman) of Skuodas.

3) Netanel Yehuda and Ema’s son Mordechai, 35, worked at the National Bank. He was married to Liba (nee Tov), a hatmaker, daughter of Bendet and Paulina. Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Marriages database records the 1936 marriage of Markus Fogelman, born to Nesanel Judel and Ema (nee Malanzon) in 1901. Mordechai married Freide Libe Tov, born in 1912 to Bendet and Paulina (nee Fisher).

According to Kehilat Shkud, “[the] last to head the Yiddish Folksbank were Motel Fogelman hy”d and Meir Henoch Bloch hy”d” (12; see also 52).

4) Netanel Yehuda and Ema’s son Yeshiahu, 30, owned a button factory. He was married to Lota (nee Urdang), 20, daughter of Avraham Moshe and Ida.

Leon Bernstein’s memoir, “My Little Town Shkud” elaborates: “Shie Fogelman left university and opened a button factory in his father’s house in the marketplace.” And a Skuodas resident who remembered the prewar Jewish community provides yet more details: “Around 1938, [Yeshiahu] Fogelman opened a button factory. We used to go to this factory looking for the discarded plates from which buttons had been cut, and were very happy to find some with the original ornaments. The button factory employed up to 20 people. This small factory was established in the so called “Kiaules Ulycia,” that is, Pig Street (now a pedestrian avenue leading from Gediminas Square to the dairy). The factory building burned down in 1941” (“Jews in the Memory of Skuodas People” [see link on this page] 9).

According to Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Internal Passports database, Shaya Leiba Fogelman, son of Nesanel Yude, born 1910 in Skuodas, an industrialist, applied for a foreign passport in March 1937. 

5) Dr. Yosef Fogelman, 44, son of Fishl and Hinda, was a family doctor; he limped. He was married to Liuba (nee Urdang), 35, daughter of Efraim Ben Tsion. Their children were Fira, 7; and Naomi, 4.

The document “Jews in the Memory of Skuodas People” (see link on this page) records Dr. Fogelman (1), and elaborates, “The people of the older generation probably remember the Fogelman family. In fact, there were three Fogelman families. Doctor Yosif Fogelman had his physician’s office in the same location as the present-day casino building. His whole family lived above the office” (32).

Hana Shaf-Brener describes the fate of Dr. Yosef Fogelman. On the morning of July 17, 1941, three weeks after the Nazi occupation and the mass murder of almost all the Shkud men, the women and children were driven out of Shkud on a forced march to the concentration camp at Dimitravas. With them were two men, one of whom was Dr. Fogelman. Dr. Fogelman, together with one of the women, Shulamit Metusevich, was taken to the prison in Kretinga and there tortured to death (Shaf-Brener 11). Shaf-Brener further explains, “Dr. Yosef Fogelman, who limped and walked with a stick, was expelled on 17.07.1941 from Shkud to Kretinga together with the women and children on that terrible road of torment to Dimitravas. In Kretinga Betzalel Shpitz and Dr. Fogelman were executed” (20).

A. Staksys, in a 1966 article on the Skuodas massacres writes of the fate of Dr. Fogelman and his family: “Doctor Fugelman had been shot. His wife knew that, and so did both his daughters. With that knowledge, they had walked all that long way to Dimitravas. Mrs Fugelman was a very beautiful woman. She met the eye of one of the killers. He invited her into his office in Dimitravas. She came back crying but held her head up high. She had heard an offer. You will stay alive, just give up your small Jewish girls. And be my… girlfriend. She spit into the eyes of the killer. She and her daughters were expelled to Alka Hill that same evening” (A. Straksys “No One is Forgotten,” Musu Zodis Nov 17,1966).

6) Moshe Fogelman, son of Fishl and Hinda, 35, was a partner in the ironware store (presumably the one in which Yakov and Shloime Yitzak worked; see above). He was married to Roda (nee Chin), 27.

Kehilat Shkud recalls the Fogelman family’s ironware store and other businesses: “There were a few large wholesale grocery stores and a shop in Shkud, owned by the Fogelman brothers, for construction appliances and iron. Residents of nearby towns bought necessary materials in these shops” (13). The Fogelman brothers also ran also a nail and chain factory that employed 20 people (Kehilat Shkud 13, 52).

According to “Jews in the Memory of Skuodas People” (see link on this page), “The Fogelman brothers had a household goods shop in the Old Town, on Laisves Street, which was famous all over Skuodas” (5).  The shop sold ironmongery, tools, and utensils (32). There were also two ironmongeries: “The brothers Fogelman had an ironmongery in Gediminas Square. They had another ironmongery on J. Basanaviciaus Street, which was always very noisy, as they produced nails for horseshoes there” (18, 25; see also 7), The same document’s business directory lists the Fogelman brothers under the heading “Iron and iron goods trading” (18).

Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Marriages database records the 1937 marriage of Mausa Fogelman, born 1899 to Fishel and Chane Hinde (nee Zaks) of Skuodas. Moshe married Rode Chin, born in 1909 to Sanel and Beile (nee Paradis) of Skuodas.

6) Michal Fogelman, son of Fishl and Hinda, 50, was the chairman of the “Ezra” charity. He also established the National Bank and the pro-gymnasium. Michal Fogelman was exiled to the Krasnoyarsk camp in Siberia, where he died. For more details on Michal Fogelman and his family, see here.

According to Jewish Gen’s Lithuania Tax and Voters Lists database, the Fogelman family was already established in Shkud in 1849. Jewish Gen’s Yizkor Book Necrology database records Bentzion, Michal, Michal (two individuals), Mordechai, Moshe, Netanel Yehuda, Yeshayahu, and Yosef Fogelman.

Michel Fogelman was on Shkud’s football team:

“Maccabi”, Shkud: Bottom row (right to left): Tuvia Einbinder, Leib Tzimbelov.
Second row: Eliezer Bob, Wolf Bass, Aba Levin, Reuven Gilder, Shlomo Malkin, David Bass, Leib Friedman (now in South Africa), Alexander Pinta (now in Israel).
Third row: Chaim Shalom Abramovitsch (now in France), Shlomo London, David Davidov, Yosef Fisher, Leib Elishuv (now in France), Eliezer Baskind (now in South Africa).
Fourth row: Yosef Kirzhner, Mendel Segal, Gedaliyahu Einbinder (now in Lithuania), Chaim Natanson (now in Israel), Benjamin Chin (now in South Africa), Benjamin Shtiris, Shmuel Axelrod, Abraham Bunis, Michel Fogelman, Yitzhak Aibel, Pesach Bob (now in South Africa).
Fifth row: Leib Shpetz, Abraham Friedman (now in South Africa), Meir Teitz (now in Israel), Israel Tenor, Leib Perlgeber, Shlomo Yudelman (Photo Kehilat Shkud 25)

Yeshayahu Fogelman was in the youth group Ha’Noar:

“Ha’Noar” association in Shkud, 20 Sivan, 5695 (June 21, 1935): Bottom row (right to left): Yitzhak Aibel, Yechezkel Yudelman (now in the USA), Shoshana Yudelman (now in the USA), Benjamin Shtiris, Mira Chatzkel, Sarah Fil (now in the USA), Abraham Yorburski.
Second row: Leah Mines, Shlomo London, Chaya Sheindling Mevezis (now in Israel), Mendel Baskind (now in South Africa), Liba Shaf, Shraga Perlgeber (now in Israel), Miriam Savel, Alexander Pinta (now in Israel), Yeshayahu Fogelman.
Third row: Liba Tov, Leah Perlgeber, Yehudit EIsen Halpern (now in Israel), Mendel Segal, Roda Chin, Sarah Reif Piotrkowski (now in Israel), Tova Levin, Miriam Katz Gelfand (now in Israel), Liba Horvitz, Pesia Dorfman, Mane Yudelman (now in South Africa).
Fourth row: Eliezer Baskind (now in South Africa), Leib Friedman (now in South Africa), Klein (now in France), Feiga Hadasin (now in South Africa), Mina Cohen, Rosa Axelrod, Abraham Tenor (now in South Africa), Temma Meller (now in Canada) (Photo Kehilat Shkud 18)

Eliyahu, Feiga, and Shomo Yitzak Fogelman were in the youth group Hashomer Hatzair:

“Ha’Shomer Ha’Tzair”, the Shkud troop, 1930: Bottom row (right to left): Moshe Kangisser (now in South Africa), Jacob Kravitz, Meir Sheindling, Hirt Tov (now in Rhodesia), David Gruppel (now in Israel), Yosef Taitz, Moshe Falk, Chaim Elkin.
Second row: Yosef Peltz (now in Israel), Tzipa Sher, Perlgeber, Meir Hovsha, Daniel Prochovnik Pirchiyahu (now in Israel), Alexander Pinta (now in Israel), Gitta Taitz, Zalman Gruppel (now in Israel), Miriam Tov, Eliyahu Fogelman (now in the USSR), David Peltz, Chaim Urdang, Eliezer Bob.
Third row: Sarah Belkind (now in Lithuania), Gelle Perlgeber, Shalom Binder, Feige Perlgeber, Shlomo Yankelovitz, Meir Taitz, Chaya Peltz Yaakobi (now in Israel), Tzipora Taitz Freilichman (now in Israel), Tzipa Singer.
Fourth row: Eliyahu Reif (now in Israel), Leib Yitzhak Mines, Dvora Segal, Feiga Fogelman, Hinda Segal (now in Lithuania), Rachel Bob, Etta Shlez (now in Australia), Mina Baskind, Ester Sheindling, Hinda Savel Rathoiz (now in Israel), Sheina Baskind. 
Fifth row: Aba Bloch, Tova Mines, Israel Tenor, Shlomo Yitzhak Fogelman, Shlomo Taitz (now in Israel), Temma Taitz (now in the USA), Daniel Abramovic (now in the USA) (Photo Kehilat Shkud 20)

Yad Vashem provides the following information on the Fogelman families of Shkud:

Nathaniel Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania to Bentzion and Miriam. He was a merchant and a widower. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Nathaniel was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his niece. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1035180&language=en

Jankel Vogelmann was born in Shkod, Lithuania in 1919 to Shane and Ema. He was single. Prior to WWII he lived in Shkod, Lithuania. During the war he was in Shkod, Lithuania. Jankel was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his cousin. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1033235&language=en

Ize Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1916 to Shane and Ema. He was single. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Ize was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his cousin. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1035462&language=en

Michel Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1909 to Shiye and Ema. He was a merchant and married Shulamit nee Zarkhi. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Michel was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his cousin. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1033122&language=en

Benzi Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1900 to Shane and Ema. He was a merchant and married Frida. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Kowno, Ghetto. Benzi was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his cousin. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1016210&language=en

Fishel Vogelmann was born to Benzi and Frida. He was a child. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Kowno, Ghetto. Fishel was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=8157864&language=en

Mottel Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1902 to Shane and Ema. He was a bank clerk and married Khaviva nee Tob. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Mottel was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his cousin. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1033075&language=en

Liba Tow nee Fogelman was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1912 to Bendet and Paulina. She was married Mordekhai. Prior to WWII she lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war she was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Liba was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1033576&language=en

Schaja Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1911 to Shane and Ema. He was a merchant and married. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Schaja was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his cousin. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1033123&language=en

Josef Vogelman was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1894 to Fishel and Hinda. He was a general practitioner and married Liuba nee Urdang. Prior to WWII he lived in Memel, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Josef was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his sister. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1033127&language=en

Lyuba Vogelman nee Urdang was born in Skuodas, Lithuania to Efraim and Lea. She was a housewife and married Yosef. Prior to WWII she lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war she was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Lyuba was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by her sister-in-law. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1054065&language=en

Ofira Vogelman was born to Yosef and Liuba nee Urdang. She was a child. Prior to WWII she lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war she was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Ofira was murdered in the Shoah.
This information is based on a Page of Testimony. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=8194205&language=en

Naomi Vogelman was born to Yosef and Liuba nee Urdang. She was a child. Prior to WWII she lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war she was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Naomi was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=8194206&language=en

Rhoda Vogelman nee Khin was born in Skuodas, Lithuania to Shena and Bila. She was a housewife and married Moshe. Prior to WWII she lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war she was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Rhoda was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by her sister-in-law. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1027440&language=en

Fishel Vogelman was born to Moshe and Roda nee Khin. He was a child. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Fishel was murdered in the Shoah.
This information is based on a Page of Testimony. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=8190760&language=en

Fishel Vogelmann was born to Meishe and Roda nee Khin. He was a child. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Fishel was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=8192743&language=en

Meishe Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1900 to Fishel and Hinda. He was a merchant and married Roda nee Khin. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Meishe was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his sister. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1033622&language=en

Sheine Vogelmann was born in Skuodas, Lithuania in 1917 to Shane and Ema. She was single. Prior to WWII she lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war she was in Skuodas, Lithuania. Sheine was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by her cousin. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1027435&language=en

Mr. Fogelman was born in Skuodas, Lithuania. He was married. Prior to WWII he lived in Skuodas, Lithuania. During the war he was in Skuodas, Lithuania. He was murdered in the Shoah. This information is based on a Page of Testimony submitted by his relative. http://db.yadvashem.org/names/nameDetails.html?itemId=1739730&language=en